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The Electric Heater Specialists
HEATERS FOR EVERY APPLICATION

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Technical:  Suggested Sheath Materials

The following table of recommendations should only be used as a guide.  The proper choice
should be based upon your knowledge of the conditions which exist in each application.

Resistance Ratings:      1 = Good        2 = Fair        3 = Depends on conditions        x = Unsuitable

Compound Copper Lead Alum. Nickel Iron and steel Cast Iron NI Resist 300 Series Stain-
less		 Monel Inconel Incoloy
Acetic Acid, Crude
                    Pure
                    Vapors
   150 PSI: 400°F		 2
2
2
2		 x
2
x
x		 2
1
3
3		 2
2
2
2		 x
---
---
---		 3
x
x
---		 2
---
---
---		 2
1
2
2		 3
3
3
3
Acetone --- --- --- --- 3 2 1 --- ---
Alboloy Process --- --- --- --- 1 --- 1-347 --- ---
Aluminum Sulphate 2 1 3 3 x 3 2 2 ---
Ammonia Gas, Cold
                        Hot		 3
x		 1
x		 1
---		 ---
---		 1
3		 1
3		 1
3		 1
3		 ---
---
Ammonia and Oil --- --- --- --- 1 --- --- --- ---
Ammonium Chloride x 1 x 2 3 1 2 2 ---
Ammonium Hydroxide x 1 2 --- 1 1 1 3 1
Ammonium Nitrate x x 2 --- 1 3 1 3 ---
Ammonium Sulphate 2 1 --- --- 1 1 1 1 ---
Amyl Alcohol 1 --- --- --- --- --- --- 1 ---
Anhydrous Ammonia x --- --- --- 1 --- --- --- ---
Aniline, Aniline Oil x --- x --- 1 --- 1 1 ---
Aniline, Dyes --- --- --- --- --- --- 1 1 ---
Anodizing Solutions 10%
    Chromic Acid 96°F
    Sulphuric Acid 70°F
    Sodium Hydroxide
    Nigrosine Black Dye
    Nickel Acetate   		---
---
---
---
---
---		 ---
---
1
---
---
3		 ---
---
---
---
---
---		 ---
---
---
---
2
2		 3
3
---
1
---
---		 ---
---
---
---
---
---		 1
1
---
---
---
---		 ---
---
---
---
1
1		 ---
---
---
---
---
---
Barium Hydroxide x x x 1 --- --- 1 --- ---
Barium Sulphide x 1 --- --- --- --- 1 1 ---
Bleaching Solution
    1 1/2lb. oxalic Acid per
    Gallon of  H2) at 212°F		 ---
---		 ---
---		 ---
---		 2
---		 ---
---		 ---
---		 ---
---		 1
---		 ---
---
Bonderizing --- --- --- --- 3 2 1 --- ---
Cadmium Plating --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 1
Carbolic Acid, Phenol x 1 1 --- 3 3 1 1 1
Carbon Dioxide, Dry
                          Wet		 1
2		 1
x		 1
2		 ---
---		 1
2		 1
3		 1
1		 1
1		 1
1
Carbon Tetrachloride 3 2 3 --- 3 3 3 1 1
Castor Oil --- --- 1 --- 1 --- 1 1 1
Chloroacetic Acid x x x 2 x --- x --- ---
Cholorine, Dry
                Wet		 1
x		 1
2		 1
x		 ---
---		 1
x		 1
x		 1
x		 1
x		 ---
---
Chromic Acid x 1 x --- 3 3 1 2 3
Chrome Plating --- 1 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Citric Acid 1 1 1 --- x 3 1 1 1
Cobalt Acetate 130°F --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 1 1
Cocoanut Oil --- --- --- 1 --- --- --- 2 ---
Copper Chloride 3 1 x --- 2 --- x 2 ---
Copper Cyanide --- --- --- --- 1 --- --- --- ---
Copper Plating --- --- --- --- 1 --- --- --- ---
Copper Sulphate 3 1 x --- x 3 1 1 1
Creosote 1 --- 1 --- 1 1 1 1 ---
Deoxidine --- --- --- --- --- --- 1 --- ---
Deoxylyle --- --- --- --- --- --- 1 --- ---
Diphenyl 300°F --- --- --- --- 1 --- --- --- ---
DiSodium Phosphate
     25% 180°F		 --- --- --- --- 1 --- --- --- ---
Diversey No. 99 --- --- --- --- 1 --- --- --- ---
Downtherm --- --- --- --- 1 --- --- --- ---
Ethers 1 1 1 --- 1 --- --- 1 1
Ethyl Chloride 1 --- --- 1 1 --- 1 1 ---
Ethylene Gycol 300°F --- --- --- --- --- --- 1 1 ---
Ferric Chloride x x x x x x x x x
Ferric Sulphate x
---		 1
---		 x
---		 x
---		 x
---		 x
---		 2-304
1-316		 x
---		 3
---
Formaldehyde 2 x 2 --- 2 2 1 1 1
Formic Acid 2 x x 3 x --- 2 3 3
Freon 1 1 1 --- 3 1 3 1 ---
Fuel Oil 1 1 --- --- 1 --- 1 1 ---
Fuel Oil, Acid 3 1 --- --- 3 --- 3 1 ---
Gasoline, Sour 3 1 3 --- 3 3 1 1 1
Gasoline, Refined 1 1 1 --- 1 1 1 1 1
Glycerin, Glycerol 2 1 1 --- 1 1 1 1 ---
Holdens 310A Tempering
     Bath		 --- --- --- 1 --- --- --- --- ---
Houghtons mar Tempering
     Salt		 --- --- --- 3 3 --- --- --- ---
Hydrochloric Acid <150°F
                             >150°F		 x
x		 2
x		 x
x		 3
3		 x
x		 x
---		 x
x		 3
3		 ---
---
Hydrofluoric Acid,
    Cold <65%
            >65%
    Hot  <65%
            >65%		 3
2
x
2		 2
3
x
x		 x
x
x
x		 x
---
x
---		 x
2
x
3		 x
---
---
---		 x
x
x
x		 2
1
3
1		 ---
---
---
---
Hydrogen Peroxide x 2 1 2 x x 1 2 1
Iridite 1-Part and 5-Parts
    Water 200°F		 --- 1 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Isoproponel 2 --- --- --- 3 --- --- 1 ---
kerosene 1 1 --- --- 1 --- 1 1 1
Kolene --- --- --- 1 --- --- --- --- ---
Lacquer Solvents 3 --- 1 --- 3 1 1 1 1
Lard --- --- --- --- 2 --- --- --- ---
Linseed Oil 1 1 1 --- 1 --- 1 1 1
Magnesium Chloride 2 x x 2 2 2 2 2 ---
Magnesium Hydroxide x --- x 1 1 1 1 1 ---
Magnesium Sulphate 1 --- 2 --- 1 1 1 1 ---
Mercuric Chloride x --- x x 3 3 x x x
Mercury x --- x --- 1 1 1 1 1
Methyl Alcohol, Methanol 1 1 1 --- 1 --- 1 1 ---
Methyl Chloride 1 1 --- 1 1 --- --- 1 ---
Mineral Oils 1 1 1 --- 1 --- 1 1 1
Naphthalene --- --- --- --- 1 --- --- --- ---
Nickel Chloride x --- x --- --- --- 2 3 ---
Nickel Plating, Bright --- 1 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Nickel Plating, Dull --- 1 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Nickel Sulphate x --- x --- --- --- 1 3 x
Nitric Acid, Crude
                   Concentrated
                   Diluted		 x
x
x		 x
x
x		 3
1
x		 x
x
x		 x
x
x		 ---
---
---		 3
2
1		 x
x
x		 x
x
x
Nitrobenzene 2 --- --- --- 1 --- 1 --- ---
Oakite No. 20 --- --- --- --- 1 --- --- --- ---
Oakite No. 23 --- --- --- --- 1 --- --- --- ---
Oakite No. 24 --- --- --- --- 1 --- --- --- ---
Oakite No. 30 --- --- --- --- 1 --- --- --- ---
Oakite No. 32 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Oakite No. 33 --- --- --- --- --- 1.347 --- --- ---
Oakite No. 36 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Oakite No. 51 --- --- --- --- 1 --- --- --- ---
Oakite No. 90 @ 180°F --- --- --- --- 1 --- --- --- ---
Oleic Acid x x 1 1 3 3 1 1 1
Oxalic Acid 3 x 1 --- 3 3 3 1 ---
Paraffin --- --- --- --- 1 --- --- --- ---
Parkerizing --- --- --- --- 3 2 1 --- ---
Perchlorethylene --- --- --- --- --- --- 1 --- ---
Permachlor --- --- --- --- --- --- 1 --- ---
Petroleum Oils, Crude
    <500°F
    >500°F
    >1000°F
3
x
x
---
3
x
x
---
1
1
x
---
3
x
x
---
1
1
x
---
1
1
---
---
1
1
3
1-347
3
x
x
---
---
---
---
---
Phenol 85%, 120°F --- --- --- 1 3 --- 1 --- ---
Phosphoric Acid, Crude
   Pure < 45%
   > 45% Cold
   Hot		 x
2
2
3
---		 3
1
1
x
---		 x
3
x
x
---		 x
3
3
---
---		 3
x
x
x
---		 ---
---
---
---
---		 3
1
1
x-304
3-316		 x
2
2
3
---		 ---
---
---
---
---
Photo Fixing Bath --- --- --- --- --- --- 1 3 ---
Picric Acid Water Solution x x x x 3 --- 1 3 ---
Potassium Chloride 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 ---
Potassium Cyanide x x x --- 1 --- 1 1 ---
Potassium Dichromate 208°F --- --- --- --- --- --- 1-347 --- ---
Potassium Hydroxide x x x 1 3 1 2 1 ---
Potassium Sulphate 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 ---
Prestone 350°F --- --- --- --- 1 --- --- 1 ---
R5 Bright Dip for Copper
    Polish @ 180°F
---
---
---
---
---
---
1-316
---
---
Soap Solutions 3 1 --- --- 1 1 1 1 ---
Sodium Carbonate <20% --- --- --- --- 1 --- --- --- ---
Sodium Chloride 2
---		 1
---		 x
---		 1
---		 1
---		 1
---		 2-304
1-316		 1
---		 1
---
Sodium Cyanide x x x --- 1 3 1-316 2 ---
Sodium hydroxide x 2 x 1 1 1 2 1 1
Sodium Hypochlorite 3 x x 3 x 3 x 3 ---
Sodium Nitrate 2
---		 1
---		 1
---		 1
---		 1
---		 1
---		 2-304
1-316		 1
---		 1
---
Sodium Peroxide --- --- 1 1 3 1 1 1 ---
Sodium Silicate 3 x x 1 1 1 1-316 1 ---
Sodium Sulphate 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1
Sodium Sulphide x 1 x 2 1 1 1 2 1
Soybean Oil --- --- --- --- --- --- 1 --- ---
Stream
    <500°F
      500 - 1000°F
    >1000°F
1
3
x		 3
x
---		 1
3
x		 1
3
x		 1
3
x		 ---
---
---		 1
1
1		 1
3
x		 1
1
1
Stearic Acid 3 1 3 1 3 3 1 1 1
Sulphur x --- 1 x 1 3 2 x 1

Sulphuric Acid   <10%  Cold
                                      Hot

                       10-75% Cold

                                      Hot
                       75-95% Cold
                                      Hot
                                 Fuming

 3
x
---
x
---
x
x
x
x
---		 1
1
---
1
---
1
1
1
1
---		 3
3
---
3
---
x
3
x
3
---		 3
x
---
3
---
x
3
x
x
---		 x
x
---
x
---
x
3
2
3
---		 ---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
2
---		 2
2-316
x-304
x-304
2-316
x
1
x
3-304
2-316		 3
3
---
3
---
3
3
3
x
---		 ---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
Sulphurous Acid 3
---		 1
---		 3
---		 x
---		 1
---		 ---
---		 3-316
x-304		 x
---		 ---
---
Tannic Acid 1 x x 1 --- --- 2 1 ---
Tar --- --- 1 --- 1 --- 1 --- 1
Tartaric Acid ---
---		 1
---		 1
---		 3
---		 ---
---		 ---
---		 3-304
1-316		 3
---		 ---
---
Tetrachlorethylene --- --- --- --- 1 --- --- --- ---
Thermail Granodine --- --- --- --- 2 --- --- --- ---
Therminall Fr. 1 -
    8-12W/Sq.In. 640°F		 --- --- --- --- 1 --- --- --- ---
Tin Plating --- --- --- 1 --- --- --- --- ---
Toluene --- 1 1 --- 1 --- 1 1 ---
Triad Solvent --- --- --- --- 3 --- --- --- ---
Trichloroethylene 3 2 3 --- 3 3 3 1 ---
Turco No. 2623 --- --- --- --- 1 --- --- --- ---
Turpentine 3 1 1 --- 3 1 1 1 ---
Urea Ammonia Liquor 48°F --- --- --- --- 1 --- --- --- ---
Vegetable Oil --- --- --- --- --- --- 1 --- ---
Vinegar ---
---		 ---
---		 3
---		 ---
---		 3
---		 ---
---		 2-304
1-316		 1
---		 ---
---
Water, Acid Mine
    Containing Oxidizing Salts
    No Oxidizing Salts		 3
---		 3
---		 3
1		 3
---		 x
3		 3
1		 1
x		 x
1		 ---
---
Water, Fresh
    Distilled, Lab Grade
    Return Condensate		 1
x
1		 1
x
1		 1
1
1		 ---
1
---		 3
x
1		 1
x
1		 1
1
1		 1
3
1		 1
1
1
Water, Sea Water 3 1 x --- 3 1 2 1 2
Whiskey and Wines 1
---		 ---
---		 ---
---		 ---
---		 x
---		 3
---		 2-304
1-316		 1
---		 1
---
X-Ray Solution --- --- --- --- --- --- 1 --- ---
Zinc Chloride x 1 x --- 3 3 x 1 ---
Zinc Plating --- --- --- --- 1 --- --- --- ---
Zinc Sulphate x --- 3 --- 3 1 1 1 1

Because so many Factors are beyond or Power to control we cannot be responsible for any electric immersion heater
failure that can be attributed to corrosion.   This is in view of any warranties, written or verbal, relative to heater
performance in a corrosive environment.


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